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Humanities

The danger of a single story

Innocence 

Matti Guillette 

 

 

I had been working there for seven years. The soil eventually made its home in my nostrils and lungs. Blisters from the sun covered my body. I can feel  that something very bad is going to happen. It had been a long and miserable day. The only hydration I can salvage is from licking the dew off of cold morning leaves, desperate for anything wet on my lips. I often considered giving myself off to the the Sudanese army, I’d rather die than live with the rebels. The Sudanese Army and the Lord’s Resistance army have been going at it for a while now. I’d lost count of the days I had a real meal. Most days I was boiling leaves off of the bushes just to eat something.

 

My stomach had been growing over the last seven months; it resembled a small watermelon stuck inside my blouse.  I already loved my little one so much. I felt awful bringing the baby into this kind of world. War painted our globe with blood smears and splatters creating a beautiful, terrible portrait of corruption. Sometimes I can feel my baby kick. This should be a beautiful moment for me, but I couldn’t help but imagine the child kicking and screaming inside of me, knowing it wouldn’t be safe in only three months time.

I wouldn’t wish growing up in the camps upon anyone; I could already see his little dark hand clutching a rifle. Learning the corrupt “christian way” they force upon us here. I was taught that god is a good thing, but now I see him as completely different. No god would do this to his people. No god would allow his children to be kidnapped into sex slavery. No god would sit and blankly watch our lungs gasping for air, lips turning blue, hearts turning cold. No god would choose Joseph Kony as a leader. If there’s a god out there, I would be embarrassed to pray to him.

 

Being a mother reminds me of my own. Her empty eyes, breasts pushed up by an expensive bra sent from daddy. She only wears clothing imported from Britain. She only wears clothes that daddy approves of.  I don’t recall hearing my mother tell me she was proud of me. As an african woman, she sure acted like a white one. She spoke in a proper british accent. Always sitting up straight, shoulders back. Watching me with an intimidating gaze. I felt my mother was less of a mom but more of a competitor. She always made it clear to me that she had nicer things. A nicer body, straighter teeth, longer eyelashes. I could tell she was jealous of my light complexion. She too wished to have lighter skin and hazel eyes. Mulatto people used to be impossible to come by; now they are seen more and more after the British impregnated our native people, each generation growing lighter or darker in complexion.

 

 

***

 

I walked into the kitchen, barefoot in a long cotton dress. I felt the soft particles of dust sticking to the soles of my feet when I gently reached up to fix Adam’s hair. It felt coarse and a bit oily between my fingers. The sunlight was beaming  in through the open window, leaving streaks of golden light that hit the floor flawlessly. Feeling the warmth of the sun on my face, I release the air from my lungs. Particles in the air dance and intertwine, illuminated in the air by the sunny ray. The mug of coffee feels smooth in my grasp. I lifted my small body onto the stool next to my brother, resting my head on his shoulder. Too sleepy and not even half awake yet, there was no need for words this early.

That day started off as any other, peaceful, calm. Feeling comfortable and cozy in the protection of my home. It was a Tuesday, and Adam and I were getting ready for school. We only had to walk down the street to reach the small private school that we went to. Snapping back from my mindless adventure, I heard our door burst open. Two large soldiers with large guns approached us rapidly. I remember it in bits and pieces, slow motion madness swarmed through the house, hiding behind screams and struggle. I was being carried out by a sturdy large soldier when the taller of the two pushed down Adam. and began to whip him on the skin peeking underneath his shirt, in the small of his back. The pink of his flesh and deep red of his blood looked almost fluorescent against his dark skin.

 

“Please, please stop, I’ll do whatever you ask.” Adam could barely make out his words through the whimpering of our pup Meatball as she put her paws up on our glass sliding door.

 

“Where is your mother?” The smaller of the soldiers whipped once more.

 

“She’s out.” Another hard whip cracked against his skin and he shrieked in pain. My arms were throbbing from the grasp of the soldier, twisting my arms behind my back.

 

“Tell me where she is.” He pointed the tip of his gun to Adam's’ head.

 

“Downstairs. please don’t hurt her,” water flooded his eyes. He spoke quietly, pleading the soldiers for mercy. Mother was important to him. Adam was always clinging to her side. Without her, I didn’t know how he would survive.

 

“I won’t hurt her son, take this gun.” I realized what he was asking Adam to do.  It felt like there was no way he was asking Adam to kill our mother. That was a request that Adam could never follow through with. That was a request no child could follow through with. I had to do something.

 

“Mom!!! Run! Get out, go!” I screamed at the top of my lungs, every ounce of me wanted to prove to my mother that I was tough. I wanted her to be proud of me.

 

My warning made the soldiers angry, they fired a warning shot into the air making me jump and squeeze my eyes shut, forcing the tears from my eyes.  I had never realized that at only 10 years old, Adam looked well beyond his years. His dark eyes showed wisdom but innocence. I knew at that moment that it was my duty to protect him.

 

They brought us north to a camp close to the Sudanese border. Dozens of other kidnapped children traveled with us, most of them we had been familiar with because  we had gone to school or done sports with many other kids in the Gulu area. I recognized two young girls named Kati and Kora. I had babysat them from infancy. They were much younger than Adam and I. We walked together for two days. Stopping only to sleep. No food, no water. Often times, Adam Kati and Kora would take turns riding on my back.We were lucky to have had shoes, many of the other children had to travel barefoot. If our circumstances had been different, I might have enjoyed the walk. The easy breeze intertwined with my hair, softly flowing behind me. I could smell wet soil mixed with the fresh sent of my mango . The sun was setting on the horizon, every color imaginable was dancing in the pale blue sky, emanating off of the sun. Adam felt heavy but comfortable on my back, similar to my backpack when I bring my textbooks home. The walk was silent. We walked in a single file line behind fourteen soldiers followed by fourteen behind us. This was a survival tactic, if the Sudanese were to attack, the children would have protection. The Lord's Resistance Army, commonly referred to as the LRA, could use as many of us as they could. Children are easy to persuadshampooe.

By the time we reached the camp, our skin had been picked raw from our pink fingernails scratching and picking at our bug bites. Exhaustion killed any motive to cry. The only focus we had was to survive. Like many villages in Gulu, our camp had different sections with numerous huts in each section. The grass was dry and brown and crunched underneath our feet. Our village had been built in a clearing, and surrounding that clearing was a lush and thick rainforest. In the western part of the forest was a river, we used it to bathe and wash our clothing and dishes.

My first duty was to become a babysitter and  at 15, I was a good choice for the job.  Most of the babies that I had taken care of had been the newborns of other young women in our camp, each assigned a husband to tend to every sexual desire they may aspire to. Sometimes I could hear the cry of young girls coming from their husbands huts. I wished that I could do something to help. I wished that I could run in there and tell the soldier the back off. Couldn’t the soldiers tell that the girls were in pain? Couldn’t they tell that they needed to stop?

 After two days working as a babysitter, I met Joseph. I was walking to the river to collect water when two soldiers approached me. They asked if they could walk with me when I nodded hesitantly back at them, my green eyes blazing in the sun, I could tell what was about to happen. They each grabbed a hand and asked me to pick between the two. I remained silent, not sure what to say. I nodded towards the smaller of the two, assuming he wouldn't be as violent as the other. As soon as I had made my choice. The larger man pushed me down to the ground. He whipped out his machete and swiped at my left leg, leaving a huge red wound. At first it felt like five hundred little bee stings all in a row, but then my leg went numb. I rolled over onto my stomach and I felt my other leg go numb. The numbness crept up my body, I grew extremely calm into a meditative state. with my eyes squeezed shut, I lost consciousness.

When I woke up, Joseph had claimed me as his own. He brought me to his hut and fed me. I could never explain the gratitude I had towards Joseph, he was the first person to ever actually listen to me. I could tell that he wanted me to be happy. He acted as if he loved me. Being the naive teenager that I was, I took the food and shelter and developed a strong trust for Joseph. He loved kids, and was very friendly. When he touched me, my entire body buzzed in harmony. I could never get enough. It was one week later when I lost the most valuable thing that I possessed, my virginity.

 

Sleeping with Joseph was the closest thing I had ever felt to love for a man. It wasn’t just the sex that made me feel that way. Joseph took care of me. I had clothes, food, and shelter. He sometimes let me rest in his bed and let me lie down on the soft white mattress that he had. I always felt protected in Joseph’s bed, lying beneath the clean satin sheets looking up at a pale blue ceiling. That was the one place I felt safe. I felt like Joseph could do no harm, even though I saw him ruin lives everyday. The thing about Joseph was that he was an obvious leader. Even though he was leading a very corrupt and awful war, he didn’t make me feel like he was a bad person. Looking back at it now, I feel embarrassed that I couldn’t see what he was doing to me. He made me feel safe, to distract me from seeing his true colors.

 

I would often sneak off to find Adam and bring him any scraps of food that I could collect. I would tell him about Joseph, how gentle and kind he was, how I felt that I was the favorite of the 15 wives. One day, I salvaged a couple pieces of bread to bring to him. He stuck them in his pocket to save for later. As we were walking together, a soldier approached us. He was suspicious that we were emerging from the forest. Adam has always been a terrible liar, his dark cheeks would grow red as he looked down at his feet and stared at the ground in guilt

“What are you doing?” the man asked in a stern and deep voice.

“We had just gone on a short walk for fruit in the forest,”

“Come over here, it looks like you’re hiding something.” He looked angry, mean eyes were staring back at us. I was frozen, looking straight ahead and holding my breath. The soldier walked towards me and began to pat me down, stopping briefly at my breasts to cop an extra feel. When It was Adam’s turn, he immediately found the bread stored in Adam’s pocket.

“Where did you get this?” The soldier boomed in anger. His dark face looked almost purple as it filled with blood.

“I found it, behind a hut sir” Adam sounded almost whiny and dramatic, like he was asking for something that mom wouldn’t let him have.

“Tell me where you got this!” He whipped a baton out of his belt and smashed is hard against his back.

“I stole it sir” Adam said while he squeezed a tear from his eyes.

 

They took Adam by the hand and I didn’t see him for three days. I was outside washing clothing for the soldiers when I saw him. He had a large pink gash cut diagonally across his face. Two purple circles and swollen eyelids make his dark eyes almost impossible to see. His hand... or where his hand once was, was bandaged with a stip from a white tee shirt. Sprinting towards him, I dropped the bucket of soapy water and splashed it over the grass and soil.  Wrapping my arms around him and sobbing, I knew we had to try to escape.

 

After one month I could tell that I was pregnant. I hadn’t eaten in days. Anything I would try to swallow came back up seconds after. That was when Joseph seemed to lose interest in me. Another girl named Lauren had arrived two days ago. She was 14 years old and beautiful. It was no wonder that Joseph chose her to be one of his wives. He no longer came to me when he needed something. I never felt so lonely in my life. Joseph didn’t love me anymore. He now relied on Lauren. The pregnancy did not last long. I had 5 miscarriages over the span of four years. Even when Joseph didn’t show his interest in me personally, he continued to show an interest in my body.

 

***

I woke up from gunshots in the distance, the bright sun in my eyes. My back was aching from laying on the concrete floor. All of the women had one large concrete room to sleep in. It was cold at night and we didn't get much sleep.  We often laid close to each other to try to collect any body heat that we could possibly salvage. It was a cold and bitter morning. The air was foggy and I couldn’t see more that 40 feet in front of me. My first instinct was to find Adam. As I frantically ran around camp to find him, I found my brother hiding behind a small hut close by. He had his eyes clasped shut and was praying. I sat next to him with my arm around his shoulder.

“I think we should try to leave today” The sound of gunshots were growing louder in the distance.

“I want to go home Katherine, I want to sleep in my own bed, to smell the laundry detergent, taste fresh orange juice.” He was blinking back tears. “I’m ready to leave”

“Oh Adam, we’ve always been ready to leave. We are only now left with no other choice”

I wish I could tell you that we ran off into the woods found a nearby village and got help. But the process was torturous. Escaping wasn’t the hard part. The soldiers were all fighting in the northern forest. The hard part was walking for three days without food and water. The only sliver of hope I had was to get this baby to safety. When we reached the first village, we frantically asked everyone we saw to help us. But because we had had just returned from the camps, everyone thought that we were rebels, trying to trick them. We lived on the streets for nine days. Eventually we met a kind women named Margaret. She told us that she works for an organization called Hope for Uganda, she took us both in and gave us food and shelter. She helped me return to school and get back on my feet. Adam even got a new prosthetic hand. I had a sweet baby boy and eventually was able to support us both on my own.

 

 

Reflection

       The project that we just finished in Ally Johnson’s Humanities class is called The Danger of a Single Story. For this assignment, we were to write a descriptive narrative that took place in an African country of our choice. Along with the story itself, we each made a book cover to go with our story. Leading up to our final outcome, we partook in a large amount of background research and preparation. Ally gave us poetry, articles, videos, and many more helpful resources to help prepare us for our story. While we were preparing for our project, we read a novel titled Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. To even better extend my understanding of Africa and imperialism, I read an additional novel titles Half a Yellow Sun by Ngozi Adichie.

 

        Our entire project was rooted around one thing, the danger of a single story. We learned that there is indeed a great danger in one single story. In any situation in which you hear only one perspective to a story or situation, you are exposing yourself to a biased and one sided explanation. We learned that there can be many different truths to one true and complete story. In most situations, there is no single person, being, or situation that is completely in the right or in the wrong. Many times, there is no innocent party. We discovered that in Africa especially, we have one single biased view of Africa. We see Africa as a poverty faced, helpless continent. We see Africa as one large safari with clans and tribes of topless women lacking civilization. In Ally’s classroom, we challenged these views. We learned that although there are indeed many serious issues facing Africa today, it is certainly not a helpless continent. We learned that imperialism plays a huge roll in why we see Africa this way. Even though imperialism rooted hundreds of years ago, there lasting effects are still alive and thriving in our society. To write a strong story, you need to discover many more than one single story of a situation. Reading Half a Yellow Sun

allowed me to grow in the understanding that Africa does not consist of only poverty stricken individuals, but a wealthy upper class as well.

 

       After finishing my narrative, one thing is very clear to me; I have grown in a multitude of directions regarding writing. I firmly believe that the writing process that we persevered through in class, profusely enriched my writing into something that I am extremely proud of. Although the writing process seeme quite annoying at the time, I believe that the research, rough drafts, rounds of critique and proofreading, were not only necessary but crucial to any great story. The rounds of refinement in addition to to the plot arc, historical integration, characterization, and setting further excelled my story into the beautiful piece of work that it finally ended up as. The most challenging part of this project for me was the exasperating writers block that I faced throughout the writing process. This made is extremely difficult for me to get words down on paper. I am grateful for the many rounds of critique that Ally assigned us. In my first draft, my fourth paragraph started as “That day started off as any other, peaceful, calm. But then the soldiers bursted through our door.” With critique and refinement, that sentence transformed into, “That day started off as any other, peaceful, calm. Feeling comfortable and cozy in the protection of my home. It was a Tuesday, and Adam and I were getting ready for school. We only had to walk down the street to reach the small private school that we went to. Snapping back from my mindless adventure, I heard our door burst open. Two large soldiers with large guns approached us rapidly. I remember it in bits and pieces, slow motion madness swarmed through the house, hiding behind screams and struggle.”

 

       I believe that the cover art that I created ended up very nice. I wanted to have a visually appealing cover that demonstrated the pain and color that was in my main character's life. I decided to put my character on my cover page and combine it with a colorful picture of a mountain with the sun over the top of it. I chose the scenery in the background because I felt that it portrayed the color that I wanted as well as a scenery similar to the setting in my story. At this point, I felt that my cover had too much going on so I added a simple border to clean up the edges and give it a more sophisticated look. Because I came up with  a rather wild cover, I decided to keep the typography on my cover simple but interesting. I liked that it was bold enough to get my point across without taking attention away from the art. I would have liked to have changed the border to something more symmetrical and refined because it ended up less than perfect. I am most proud of the beautiful art in the background and how I was able to use a bold and wild background with a simple border and type.

 

         If anything is crystal clear when reflecting on my project, it is that I have grown in a plethora of directions. I firmly believe that I have grown in every single one of Animas High School’s PAPER skills. Perseverance is something that I have grown in not only in the classroom but also in my everyday life. I grew very frustrated in this project when I was working on my first couple of drafts. I was having a very difficult time coming up with Ideas. I was able to persevere through the hard time and come up with a story that does not lack creativity. I became an advocate especially for women's rights and sexual abuse. At our exhibition at THe Steaming Bean, I decided to make a mini speech about sexual abuse and the problems that women face in Africa as well as the United States. In order to write this story, I had to put myself in a perspective completely different from my own. Imagining myself as someone in much harder circumstances than my own was difficult, but my story has a profound sense of the pain and struggle that my main character faced. Evidence is something that we worked on often in class. Instead of jumping into our story right away, we were required to research many different things about our chosen country. This project in particular is the project that I have spent the most time on refining. I feel that even with the multiple rounds of refinement, I could have even further refined my story. Overall, I am extremely proud of my story.

 

The Truth Of War
Part one

The Interview

Part two

       During the course of the danger of a single story project, we completed a veteran interview and  timed write essay. These may seem like simple assignments, but the amount of preparation we took to fully formulate our project. This included reading primary source documents, numerous articles, and reading a novel The Things They Carried Book by Tim O'Brien. We spent months learning about Vietnam and what exactly happened to provoke the war. We learned about veterans and different duties overseas. Each group of students were assigned a veteran to interview. We spent multiple weeks preparing for the interview by formulating questions, finding a comfortable space, and keeping regular contact with our interviewee.

 

       Interviewing a war veteran was something that I will value for the rest of my life. The most exciting thing about our interview was being able to meet someone new. I was astonished how quickly our veteran was able to open up to us and tell us about his biggest struggles in life. I strive to be able to make such quick connections with my peers. Something that was difficult about our interview was learning about how mistreated the veterans were when they returned home from vietnam. This project as a whole was very emotional and hard to grasp. My veteran taught us that speaking about their experiences was an extremely difficult thing for them when they returned home. He talked to us about how he wished he could have talked to other people about what happened to him but most of the country pretended that it never happened. Many veterans are emotionally scarred by the happenings of war and do not have an outlet to vent to.

 

        In Ally Johnson's humanities class, we recently had a seminar regarding Tim O'brien's’ novel, The Things They Carried. I believe that I excelled in this seminar by asking clarifying questions and connecting our conversation back to the question at hand. If i could do this seminar again I would work on finishing the thoughts in my head before I made a comment because sometimes I had trouble finding the words to explain my point of view. I feel that I may have rambled during the seminar. Something that I learned from The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien, is that war stories and other tragic stories may have a different definition of truth. Tim O’brien tells a story about a man that he killed. In this story, he describes what the man looked like, how he felt, and wonders what the man’s life might have been like. After giving the reader a deep sense of empathy, O’brien reveals that he didn’t in fact kill the man. O’brien explains that in a true war story, sometimes it is necessary to take the story in a different direction than the complete truth. If O’brien would have told you from the start that he did not kill the man, the reader may not have gotten the same reaction. A true war story may not be told exactly how it happened, but that’s not the author's purpose. The intention of the author was to create a certain emotion for the reader.

 

     This project included a two hour timed write. The assignment was to read many primary source documents and write an essay based on our personal takeaways and thoughts about what happened during the Gulf of Tonkin Incident. We used historical thinking skills such as contextualizing, reading the silences, sourcing, and corroboration to write this essay. I believe that during this essay, I excelled by reading the silences of the primary documents. I often pointed out what I thought was missing in the document. Authors often leave certain, key facts out to make their point look stronger. I could improve in corroboration because I often my own judgment instead of looking into confliction documents. I believe that even though I could improve my corroborating skills, that I still did a good job in using other sources to make decisions. By using the historical thinking skills, I have learned that war comes with many different versions of the same story. Politicians and people of higher power often embellish or leave out key information to make themselves look more valid. Historical thinking skills prevented me from reading one document and believing everything from the source to be true. The Gulf of Tonkin timed write was vital in developing not only our historical thinking skills but also our critical thinking skills.

 

      This projects taught us about the truth of war. We learned the struggles, pain, and guilt that comes with war. We learned about what causes war. This project also taught us about critical thinking skills, historical thinking skills, and human injustices. These skills will be useful to me for the remainder of my life. War is an inevitable fact of life that is important to understand. Thanks to the truth of war project, I have skills that I would have never had prior to this project.

 

 

 

Home
Artistic Film
      In this film, we express war through a variety of emotions and show how dramatic events have a considerable impact on mental health. This artistic film features carefully crafted  choreography and videography to portray the effects that traumatic events, such as war, have on loved ones and family members. We were inspired to make this kind of film after attending the Telluride Horror Festival in October. This film festival featured artistic short films, some of which were influenced by war. We combined our talents to create a video that showcases both creativity, and refinement. Our film features a realistic story about a young girl who faces the difficulties of having a boyfriend involved in war. We use a song that emphasizes the emotions and thoughts that two characters have. Our film starts as a positive love story between two individuals and quickly takes a negative turn which influences the overall mood.

Globalization Project

Modern Enslavement

Matti Guillette

 

Did you know that slavery still exists in the United States? The United States department of state has given an estimate that 14,500 to 17,500 people are being trafficked into the US each year, not including the people who have been trafficked inside our borders. This means tens of thousands of people are still being held within our borders as modern-day slaves.

 

In the late 1970s, Central America faced a crisis that left their people in awful condition. The Central American crisis happened when major civil wars and pro-communist revolutions emerged in many countries in Central America. This resulted in Central America becoming the number one region for foreign policy hot spots. Specifically, the US was concerned that if communist forces would win, it would would threaten the Panama Canal and would block access to the rest of South America from the United States. Therefore, if the countries of Central America were to have pro-soviet communist governments, the United States would be isolated from south america.

 

The people in countries like Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua were stricken with poverty. Families that once made a livable wage were left to do whatever it takes to put food on the table.

 

Between ten and twenty percent of people in central America are making less than $1.90 every day. Central Americans make about $2.40 everyday compared to $142.30 that the average American makes every day.

 

There are stationed recruiters in Central America who’s sole purpose is to find potential emigrants. They prey on anyone who looks vulnerable.

 

Immigrating illegally to the United States takes three steps. The first step starts with someone called a coyote. This is the man in charge of everyone else that works below him. THe coyote will set you up with an “el guia” or a guide who will be in charge or actually smuggling you across. Immigrating without going through a coyote could get you into big trouble with the cartel so typically migrants will give the coyote a large sum of money to get them across the border safely.

 

Here’s where things go wrong, typically immigrants don’t have seven to ten thousand dollars to spare on sneaking across the border. Coyotes will give them a deal, when the migrants reach the US, they will work for the cartel until their fee is paid off. The cartel will hold the migrants and force them to work in sex trade or forced labor.

 

You may be wondering why you’ve never heard of this. Because media in the United States decides what should and shouldn’t be broadcasted. The United States government and security has virtually been ignoring modern-day slavery.

 

Basic human rights of immigrants in the United States are being compromised. The US should do everything in it’s power to eliminate slavery within our borders.

 

To immigrate legally to the United States, you must go through a very lengthy process and pay up to 4,000 thousand dollars upfront. And with an economy like the ones in Central America, acquiring thousands of dollars is close to impossible. The average GNI (gross national income) for central americans is less than 6,000 dollars a year.

 

It’s clear why central americans are so drawn to the United States. We offer an abundance of jobs, affordable housing, and security. Parents and families are desperate to do all that is in their power to create a better life for their children.

 

It can take anywhere from 1-15 years to legally immigrate to the United States and with families living amongst war and violence, it is unreasonable to expect them to wait years to seek refuge. It is the duty of the United States of America to provide a safe, reliable, and friendly home to all those in need.

 

D’Andre Lampkin says, “In this great land of the free we call it human trafficking. And so long as we don’t partake in the luxury, ignoring slavery is of no consequence. It is much easier to look away and ignore the victims. The person who ignores slavery justifies it by quickly deducting the victim is a willing participant hampered by misfortune.”

 

Lampkin does a beautiful job executing the importance of equality and security of every individual within United States borders, whether they are documented or not.  


 

 

        This project was all about globalization. We started this project off by researching many different examples of globalization. We learned about things like sweatshops and human trafficking to get a better idea of our our world fits together. We relied on fact based evidence to develope our opinion for our OP-ED. We were given the opportunity to write an OP-ED based on our own perception of an issue. We created a political cartoon that was paired with our editorial.

 

        One of my biggest takeaways from this project is that every government has its flaws. I’ve learned that nations are connected more than I had ever thought before. The United States of America has such a large impact on other countries whether that be good or bad. I have not realized until starting this project how very lucky I am to be living such a privileged life. Its an unfortunate feeling that in order to live so comfortably, there are people overseas who would do anything just to have a bed to sleep in.

 

        This project has posed as the most difficult project for me so far this year. I started off to a great start and was on time with my research. It wasn’t until it was actually time to write the essay that I just couldn’t get the words out. After writing the same essay over and over again and building up so much frustration, I eventually gave up. I always strive for perfection and I knew that this essay was not beautiful work. I was slightly embarrassed to turn it in but knew that if I let my feelings brew any longer, I would never turn it in. I didn’t receive a grade that I am proud of. I wish I would have had more resilience during this project.

 

        The art aspect of this project was something that I paid little attention to. I completed work that I finished in twenty minutes. My procrastination and overall disinterest in this project is something that I am ashamed of. Political Cartoons are something that I enjoy looking at and reading but I’m not the best at creating one myself. I feel that I would have gotten more out of this project if I put forth a higher enthusiasm and completed multiple drafts.

 

Intelligence Squared Debate

Matti Guillette

Humanities PM

Ally Johnson

4-25-16

 

Thomas Jefferson once said, “The care of human life and happiness, and not their destruction, is the first and only object of good government.” (Jefferson) Mr. Jefferson would be appalled by the recent heartless acts our government has been involved in. After the attacks on September 11th, 2001 the United States has been using “enhanced interrogation” techniques in order to obtain information from suspected terrorists. The US has been producing black sites, places in other countries where military personnel can conduct unacknowledged projects. Suspected terrorists are kidnapped and tortured. The U.S. should not use ‘enhanced interrogation’ on suspected terrorists.

 

The United States has been circumventing rules and regulations regarding torture. The UN’s Declaration of Human Rights states, “No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment." (Tizon) This means any government that intentionally inflicts either physical or emotional distress upon any human being is committing a crime that is in violation of the UN’s Declaration of Human Rights. The United States has only been able to continue torturing suspected terrorists because they have chosen to call it “enhanced interrogation.”  However, redefining torture doesn’t make it justifiable. The legal definition of torture, according to the United Nations Torture Convention of 1984, states, “Any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity." (Jordan) This definition proves that the United States government is committing a crime by using “enhanced interrogation.

 

Putting any human being in a physically and emotionally damaging position is not only completely illegal, it is outright immoral. Mohamed Bashmilah, a man who was held in CIA secret prisons for eight years without explanation, shares his testimony with Amy Goodman from Democracy Now. The CIA shackled him in freezing cold rooms, blasted music for 24 hours a day, was force fed, and subjected to sleep deprivation. He attempted suicide three different times, once using his own blood to write “this is unjust” on the wall. (Goodman) Mr. Bashmilah wasn’t the only victim to the CIA rendition program; according to Meg Satterthwaite, an advocate of Mr. Bashmilah, at least 26 other innocent people have been wrongly accusing and tortured. (Shane) We should not be torturing people, especially those who are innocent. The United States of America is not a country that should drive people to suicide. Our reputation is at stake. When we participate in callous acts upon people of other faiths and backgrounds, we sacrifice how others perceive us. It is important as a nation to maintain our relationships with other countries.  

 

Enhanced Interrogation techniques may work at gaining information but how much of that information do we know is true? My opponent believes that torturing victims is an effective way to get information out of suspects quickly and efficiently.  However, he did not mention any of the repercussions that could come of using enhanced interrogation techniques. In fact, the information collected from these techniques are most likely different from the truth. In a study conducted by Charles Morgan, a psychiatry professor at Yale, off duty soldiers were analyzed after being denied food and sleep for 48 hours. He then put participants through high and low-stress interrogation techniques. Participants were more likely to remember what the interrogator looked like after completing the low-stress interrogation technique. (Schneiderman) High stress interrogation techniques can actually impair the subject's memory, making them far less likely to even remember important information. Why would we put high profile information at risk by negatively influencing a terrorists cognitive ability? A terrorist is much more likely to share information with someone who gains his trust than someone who is making them threatening their life.

 

In conclusion, our democracy and constitution are built on a system that should be held to high standards. Torture is not an effective method of gathering information.We should not risk our reputation as a nation for the ability to partake in an illegal, damaging, and ineffective technique.  

 

Goodman, Amy. "BROADCAST EXCLUSIVE: Yemeni Man Imprisoned at CIA "Black Sites" Tells His Story

of Kidnapping and Torture." Democracy Now! Democracy Now!, 18 Dec. 2007. Web. 28 Apr. 2016.

<http://www.democracynow.org/2007/12/18/exclusive_yemeni_man_imprisoned_at_cia>

 

Jordan, Miranda.  "How the Law and UN Define Torture." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, n.d. Web.

28 Apr. 2016. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1505073/How-the-law-and-UN-define-torture.html>.

 

Schneiderman, R.M. "New Research Suggests Enhanced Interrogation Not Effective." The Daily Beast

Newsweek/Daily Beast, 25 May 2012. Web. 28 Apr. 2016.

<http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/05/25/new-research-suggests-enhanced-interrogation-not-effective.html>

 

Shane, Scott. "Amid Details on Torture, Data on 26 Who Were Held in Error."The New York Times. The New  

              York Times, 12 Dec. 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2016

<http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/05/25/new-research-suggests-enhanced-interrogation-not-effective.html>

 

 

Tizon, Orlando. "Why We Shouldn't Torture Suspected Terrorists." Beliefnet. N.p., 3 June 2012. Web.   

<http://www.beliefnet.com/News/2003/03/Why-We-Shouldnt-Torture-Suspected-Terrorists.aspx>.




 

        The IQ2 project was one of the best projects that I have ever done. We started off doing research of our assigned topic. We were put into groups that had the same motion as us. Our group collaborated and shared ideas about our topic. We came up with questions, vocabulary, and practiced how to flow a debate. After our initial research, we chose a side that we wanted to debate on. We spent the remainder of our class time writing out our arguments and eventually creating an essay. After we finished the essay, Ally gave us some tips for debating. Our final debate was set up so that the audience voted before and after and whoever sued the most voters, won.

 

       This project was a real eye-opener for everyone in our class. We were given the opportunity to learn about ISIS and the Middle East. This project taught me about how Americans view of Middle Easterners and especially Muslims. I learned about their religion and how Islam is not as violent as we are taught to think. We learned that the Middle East is in a very dangerous position right now and often times Americans don’t have a complete truth of those happenings. It is quite disappointing to me that our nation can be so hateful towards a specific ethnicity or faith when our morals should be built on acceptance. This class in particular has taught me how to gather information from reliable sources that come from both perspectives before passing any judgment on an issue. Every story has more than one side and nothing is black and white.

 

        My argumentative skills have grown so much during this project (and trust me I have plenty of experience arguing.) I learned how to accuse my opponent of committing certain fallacies that make his/her argument more weak. We also learned how to formulate a good argument by collecting reliable sources and having much more evidence than you think you might need. Something that I learned during this project is that when you have an opposing opinion with someone, arguing and name calling is the last thing that you want to do. It is very difficult to change somebody's mind by calling them names. Having a strong, supported claim will help you sound much more credible, thus winning the debate. I have a new-found interest in formal debates and look forward to exploring them further.

 

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